District Heating Networks Calculation and Optimization

The first step in studying the behavior of a pipe network is to identify the objectives that must be attained and the physical and logical problems that must be solved; this aim can be achieved by building a suitable model of the network. The next step must be the operation of the model (which, for example, in the case of numerical models consists of using an appropriate algorithmic procedure) to obtain the required answers to the set problem. Then the most common engineering objectives, the simulation and the design calculation or optimization, are identified and discussed.